手術原理
陰莖勃起時,血液經由陰莖動脈流入左右兩側陰莖海綿體內,造成海綿體充血膨脹。海綿體外圍繞著堅韌且富彈性的陰莖白膜,同時協助壓迫陰莖靜脈,防止血液過早流出海綿體,方能達到長度與粗度兼具的堅挺勃起。
不論因何種原因引起之重度勃起功能障礙(ED),若其他非手術治療方式皆未達預期成效,人工陰莖植入手術(Penile Prosthesis Implantation)即為最終可靠之治療選擇。手術將人工陰莖體精確植入陰莖海綿體腔內,取代機能受損的海綿體血管組織,本體仍完整包覆於白膜內部。術後能提供充足之硬度進行正常性行為,外觀自然,觸感逼真,且原有的射精與高潮神經功能皆得以妥善保留。
麻醉方式
傳統上多採用脊椎麻醉(半身麻醉)或全身麻醉(包含舒眠麻醉)進行手術。
本院採用新式雙重局部麻醉技術,包括背神經近枝阻斷術、周陰莖基部組織阻斷術及陰莖腳阻斷術,僅在陰莖根部注射局部麻醉藥物(圖一)。手術過程中全程清醒無痛感,可放鬆滑手機或佩戴藍芽耳機聽音樂。

圖一:雙重局部麻醉技術,僅在陰莖根部注射局部麻醉藥物,包括背神經近枝阻斷術、陰莖腳阻斷術及周陰莖基部組織阻斷術。
手術傷口
龜頭冠狀溝下方之微創傷口,或恥骨部/陰莖陰囊交界處之單一微創切口,長度約3厘米。
是否需要住院
不需住院或留院觀察。屬於門診日間手術,術後即可自行行走離院返家休息。
手術方法與流程
手術採平躺姿勢,在手術部位施行精準的雙重局部麻醉。依患者選用之人工陰莖款式不同而有細微差異。手術應用精細顯微外科技巧,小心游離傷口深層組織,保護周邊神經與血管,分離陰莖白膜並切開兩側海綿體腔。測量合適長度後植入人工陰莖體(圖二A),再以細小縫線嚴密縫合白膜切口(圖二B)。
植入半硬可折式(非充水式)人工陰莖:植入兩支可折彎之合金柱體後,即完成核心步驟。隨後分層細緻縫合並以彈性紗布包紮。約2個月組織修復後,即可用手向上扳起進行性生活(圖二C、圖三A),或向下折彎隱藏(圖二D、圖三B)。若合併包皮過長,可評估同時進行微創包皮環切。


植入三件充水式人工陰莖(Inflatable Penile Prosthesis, IPP):除陰莖海綿體內的充水圓柱體外,另需將微型調水泵浦植入陰囊內,儲水囊置於恥骨後膀胱前方間隙,三者以隱蔽導管相連(圖四)。術後傷口痊癒後,輕捏陰囊內泵浦即可充水挺立(圖五A);按壓泵浦洩壓閥即可讓水流回儲水囊,回復自然垂軟狀態(圖五B)。


本院手術特色
- 新式雙重局部麻醉:無全身麻醉或半身麻醉之潛在風險,止痛效果持久,術後舒適度良好。
- 單一微創切口:傷口隱蔽小巧,術後美觀。
- 不需住院:門診日間手術,當日即可返家休息。
- 不用電燒止血(微細縫線綁紮):避免熱效應損傷鄰近神經與微細動脈,減低術後神經麻木或慢性疼痛風險,亦有助維持微循環、促進傷口癒合並降低感染機率。
- 顯微外科解剖導向技術:以精確陰莖解剖學為基礎,提高手術安全規格,將併發症發生機率降至極低。
手術預後與風險評估
人工陰莖植入術針對藥物或其他療法無效之重度 ED 患者,醫學統計顯示患者及其伴侶術後總體滿意度普遍達 85% 以上,大幅改善性生活品質。常見暫時性反應包括局部水腫、輕微血腫或傷口牽拉感。極少數長期併發症包括機械性損耗、組織侵蝕或感染。糖尿病患者術前血糖控制(建議 HbA1c < 8%)對預防感染至關重要。文獻長期追蹤報告指出,充水式裝置 5 年無故障率近 80%,耐用性經臨床廣泛驗證。
| 裝置類型 | 手術特性 | 優勢與考量 |
|---|---|---|
| 半硬可折式(Malleable) | 手術時間較短,結構單純直接。 | 優勢: 機械構造極耐用、故障率極低,適合體質較弱或再次手術者。 考量: 初期主觀感覺稍不自然,一般短時間即可適應。 |
| 三件充水式(Inflatable IPP) | 手術時間稍長,精密技術要求高。 | 優勢: 勃起硬度與垂軟外觀最逼真自然。 考量: 機械構造相對精密,長年使用有一定耗損保養機率。 |
期刊論文
- Hsu GL, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Wen HS, Chen SC, Chen YC, Liu LJ, Mok MS, Wu CH. Outpatient penile implantation with the patient under a novel method of crural block (以新的陰莖腳局部麻醉方法施行陰莖植入門診手術). International Journal of Andrology. 27:147-151, 2004.
- Hsu GL, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Chen HS, Ling PY, Wen HS, Liu LJ, Chen CW, Chua C. The advancement of pure local anesthesia for penile surgeries: can an outpatient basis be sustainable (純粹局部麻醉施行陰莖手術的新進展)? Journal of Andrology. 28(1):200-205, 2007.
- Hsu GL, Zaid UX, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Huang SJ. Acupuncture assisted local anesthesia for penile surgeries (針灸輔助局部麻醉下施行陰莖手術). Translational Andrology and Urology. 2(4):291-300, 2013.
- Hsu GL, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Wen HS, Hsu WL, Chen YC, Chen RM, Chen SC, Hsieh JT. The effect of electrocoagulation on the sinusoids in the human penis (電燒止血對於人類陰莖海綿體的影響). Journal of Andrology. 25(6):954-959, 2004.
- Hsu GL, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Wen HS, Hsu WL, Wu CH, Fong TH, Chen SC, Tseng GF. Anatomy of the human penis: the relationship of the architecture between skeletal and smooth muscles (人類陰莖解剖構造:骨骼肌和平滑肌之間的結構關係). Journal of Andrology. 25:426-431, 2004.
- Hsieh CH (謝政興), Liu SP, Hsu GL, Chen HS, Molodysky E, Chen YH, Yu HJ. Advances in understanding of mammalian penile evolution, human penile anatomy and human erection physiology: Clinical implications for physicians and surgeons (了解哺乳類動物的陰莖進化、人類陰莖解剖學和人類勃起生理學方面的進展:對於內外科醫生的臨床意涵). Medical Science Monitor. 18(7): RA118-125, 2012.
- Hsu GL, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Chen SC. Human penile tunica albuginea: anatomy discovery, functional evidence and role in reconstructive and implant surgery (人類陰莖白膜:解剖學發現、功能上證據和在重建及人工陰莖植入手術中的角色). Global Advanced Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Science. (GARJMMS) 3(12):400-407, 2014.
- Hsu GL, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Wen HS, Chen YC, Chen SC, Mok MS. Penile venous anatomy: an additional description and its clinical implication (陰莖靜脈解剖構造:附加描述及其臨床意涵). Journal of Andrology. 24(6):921-927, 2003.
- Hsu GL, Wen HS, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Liu LJ, Chen YC. Traumatic glans deformity: reconstruction of distal ligamentous structure (外傷性龜頭畸形:重建遠端韌帶結構). Journal of Urology. 166:1390, 2001.
- Hsu GL, Lin CW, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Hsieh JT, Chen SC, Kuo TF, Ling PY, Huang HM, Wang CJ, Tseng GF. Distal ligament in human glans: a comparative study of penile architecture (人類龜頭遠端韌帶:一項比較研究陰莖結構). Journal of Andrology. 26(5):624-28, 2005.
- Hsu GL, Hill JW, Hsieh CH (謝政興), Liu SP, Hsu C. Venous ligation: a novel strategy for glans enhancement in penile prosthesis implantation (靜脈綁紮手術: 人工陰莖植入手術時增大龜頭的新方法), in Genitourethral Reconstruction, Ralf Herwig R, Sansalone S, Rehder P, Editors. BioMed Research International. Published special issue, Article ID923171, 7 pages, 2014.
- Hsieh CH (謝政興), Hsu GL, Chang SJ, Yang SSD, Liu SP, Hsieh JT. Surgical niche for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (手術治療勃起功能障礙的利基). International Journal of Urology. 27(2):117-133, 2020.
書籍著作
- Cheng-Hsing Hsieh (謝政興)、Geng-Long Hsu (許耕榕). 治療勃起功能障礙 – 手術治療(Erectile Dysfunction – Surgical Management).書名:男性性功能障礙 – 臨床診治全攻略 (Male Sexual Dysfunction – A Complete Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment), 陳煜、簡邦平、蔡維恭、陳卷書編輯. 合記圖書出版社, 2023. 第三篇,第17章,頁245-262.
- Cheng-Hsing Hsieh (謝政興)、Geng-Long Hsu (許耕榕). 勃起功能障礙 – 手術治療 (Erectile Dysfunction – Surgical Treatment). 書名:臨床泌尿學 (CLINICAL UROLOGY). 郭漢崇、賴明坤、楊啟瑞、黃一勝、余燦榮、陳進典、崔克宏,編輯. 台灣泌尿科醫學會, 2012.第八篇,第54章,頁1037-1049.
- Geng-Long Hsu (許耕榕)、Cheng-Hsing Hsieh (謝政興). 書名:A LABORATORY MANUAL FOR POTENCY MICROSURGERY (性功能顯微手術實驗訓練手冊). 許耕榕、謝政興,編輯.
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